Adult orthodontic technique: development and challenge / 华西口腔医学杂志

Orthodontic treatments have increasingly become accepted by adults. However, the treatment therapies and philosophies for adults and adolescents have numerous differences. Orthodontic treatment for adults requires more careful planning, flexible management, interdisciplinary cooperation, and rational expectations. New techniques, such as mini-screw implants, invisalign, and self-ligating brackets, have recently been used to update treatments and widen the application of adult orthodontics by improving the treatment results. However, orthodontists still face a number of risks and challenges.

Construction and fermentation control of reductive TCA pathway for malic acid production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae / 生物工程学报

Malic acid is widely used in food, and chemical industries. Through overexpressing pyruvate carboxylase and malate dehydrogenase in pdc1-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae, malic acid was successfully produced through the reductive TCA pathway. No malic acid was detected in wild type Saccharomyces cerevisiae, however, 45 mmol/L malic acid was produced in engineered strain, and the concentration of byproduct ethanol also reduced by 18%. The production of malic acid enhanced 6% by increasing the concentration of Ca2+. In addition, the final concentration reached 52.5 mmol/L malic acid by addition of biotin. The increasing is almost 16% higher than that of the original strain.

Analysis of complications of high intensity focused ultrasound in treatment of uterine leiomyoma / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To analysis complications and its associated risk factors of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in treatment of uterine leiomyoma for selecting rationale indicated patients and reducing complications. Methods Medical documents of 171 patients with 231 leiomyomas in total treated by HIFU were studied retrospectively. Common complications were categorized and analyzed, the relationship between risk factors and complications were studied. Results Common complications in treatment of uterine leiomyomas by HIFU were 71.9% (123/171) of abdominal pain, 17.5% (30/171) of vaginal bloody discharge, 8.2% (14/171) of sacroiliac or buttock pain, 7. 6% (13/171) of skin blister,4. 7% (8/171) of leg pain, 2. 9% (5/171) of hematuria and 1.8% (3/171) of febrile. By logistic regression analysis, the factor correlated with abdominal pain included diameter of uterine leiomyomas,sonication time and average power (P < 0. 05). The factor correlated with sacroiliac or buttock pain was uterine leiomyomas located in posteriors of uterine wall(P <0. 05); the factors correlated with vaginal bloody discharge were sonication time and type of uterine leiomyomas (submucous > intramural > subserous, P <0. 05); the factors correlated with skin blister was sonication time (P < 0. 05). There were no statistical relationship between multiple factors and leg pain, hematuria, febrile (P > 0. 05). Conclusion The modality of high-power and short-term treatment might reduce complications of HIFU ablation.

Study on the efficacy and safety of ultrasound ablation in treatment of uterine fibroids / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound ablation in treatment of uterine fibroids. Methods Ninety-nine patients with 117 leiomyomas in total treated by Haifu JC focused ultrasound tumor therapeutic system were enrolled in prospective and non-randomized clinical trial in First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and Academy of Military Medical Sciences. Ultrasound ablation was performed guided by real-time ultrasonography under conscious sedation for single session. All patients were followed up at 6 months after treatment. On the day of treatment and after 1 month, patients were given by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) exam to evaluate the effect of fibroids ablation. At 3 and 6months after treatment, the ratio of ablated area and volume reduction of fibroids more than 50% were evaluated by MRI exam again. The symptoms improvements were evaluated by uterine fibroid symptom (UFS) and complications were analyzed by guideline of society of international radiation (SIR). Results The average ablated area ratio of the target fibroid was (76 ± 24)%. The average reduction in fibroid volume determined by MRI at 3 and 6 months after treatment was (45 ± 21)% and (59 ± 26)%. Which were significantly decreased than those before treatment (P < 0. 05). At 6 months after treatment, 84. 6% (99/117) of patients showed more than 50% volume reduction, the rate of improved symptom score was 92%(66/72). All patients could resume normal daily activities at 2 hours after treatment. The adverse reactions of SIR C - D included delayed hospitalization, repeat treatment and increased level of nursing. E - F included permanent sequelae and death. In this study, no adverse reactions of C - F were recorded. Common complications (SIR A- B, only observation or simple management without sequelae) were 35% (35/99).Four cases with adverse reactions B of SIR were found, including 2 cases with skin burning of degree Ⅱ and 2 cases with febrile, they were administered by symptomatic therapy and changing dressing The other adverse reaction A of SIR included sorness of buttock, vaginal discharge, dysuria and painful urination, they were only suggested by follow-up. Conclusion It was efficacy and safe that ultrasound ablation as a single strategy were used in treatment of uterine fibroids.

Changes of functional connectivity network of human V5 in visual cortex: a functional MRI study / 生物医学工程学杂志

Changes of functional connectivity network of human V5 in different brain activity was investigated by combining spatial independent component analysis with temporal correlation. First, V5 was localized by performing spatial independent component analysis on the data from block design visual motion runs; then low frequency correlations between V5 and other regions were computed in two steady states (resting state and the state with continuous visual motion stimulus) to detect the functional connectivity networks. The results of experiment indicated: The functional connectivity network of V5 was more extensive and was consistent with the known anatomical connectivity during rest; when subjects were viewing motion, the network was limited in the visual cortex, suggesting that V5 was acting in concert with a network specific to the visual motion processing task.